Annotation
The course is concerned with the idea of human rights. As both classical and modern criticism of the originally Enlightenment idea shows, the justification by the nature is questionable.
Moreover, the idea of human rights as universal ones is increasingly criticised as a western concept which cannot be transferred to other civilizations or is even misused as a tool of imperial politics by western democracies (e. g. these of V. Bělohradský).
The course will introduce not only classical formulations of human right but more importantly modern attempts to justify human rights alternatively. Furthermore, the discussion between the critics and proponents of universality of human rights will be presented.