Syllabus
1. Franz Rosenzweig: Prolomení totality: křehký smrtelník a vztah k Druhému
2. Martin Buber: Dialogická ontologie: Já-Ty a Já-Ono
3. Gabriel Marcel: Já a ten druhý; patologie intersubjektivity
4. Karl Jaspers: Formy komunikace; existenciální komunikace
5. Martin Heidegger: Spolubytí a spolupobyt; odcizené formy spolubytí
6. Buberova kritika Heideggerovy „monologické ontologie“
7. Emmanuel Lévinas: Stejný a Druhý; Tvář a etika
8. Jean-Paul Sartre: Pohled druhého a zcizení světa
9. Jan Patočka: Pohyby lidské existence a intersubjektivita
Annotation
The course is intended for students of non-philosophical subjects. It aims at mediating basic procedures of philosophical thinking which enable a man to cultivate and develop the complex understanding of oneself, the world and one’s position in it. The lectures present philosophical thinking using specific philosophical issues related to the human existence. At the same time, the course makes it possible to get acquainted with the ideas and concepts of a number of important 20th century thinkers.
In the course, a philosophical stream will be presented that puts the topic of interpersonal relationships or intersubjectivity at the center of its thinking about man. Accordingly, it sees the original situation of human being in dialogue. This stream of 20th-century philosophy, called the “philosophy of dialogue”, is represented mainly by Jewish thinkers, such as Martin Buber, Emmanuel Lévinas and Franz Rosenzweig. In addition to those thinkers, we will also focus on several representatives of the philosophy of existence or existentialism, in whose conceptions of human existence the relationship to the other or intersubjectivity also plays a more or less significant role, such as Gabriel Marcel, Karl Jaspers, Martin Heidegger or Jean-Paul Sartre. At the same time, we will show how the representatives of the philosophy of dialogue critically dealt with some of the philosophers of existence and their concepts of intersubjectivity.