Syllabus
CONTENT OF THE COURSE IN BIOLOGY AND MEDICAL GENETICS
Cellular Basis of Inheritance
Structure and Function of Prokaryotes
Reproduction and Genetics of Bacterias and Viruses
Conjugation, Transformation and Transduction.
Episomes and Plasmids
Structure and Function of Eukaryotic Cells
Signal Transmission in the Cell (receptors, G proteins, T kinases)
The Cell Cycle and its Regulation and Disturbances
Mitosis and its Disturbances
Cell and Tissue in vitro Cultivation
Meiosis and its Disturbances
Gametogenesis
Chromosomes
Structure of the Prokaryotic Chromosomes
Structure the Eukaryotic Chromosomes
Chromosome Number and Structure, Techniques of Examination
Human Chromosomes (Karyotype)
The Sex Chromosomes and Sex Determination
Disorders of the Autosomes
Disorders of the Sex Chromosomes
Abnormalities of Chromosome Structure
Aetiology of Chromosome Abnormalities
Indications for Chromosome Analysis
Prenatal Diagnosis of Chromosome Abnormalities
Germ Cell and Somatic Cell Chromosome Mutations
Patterns of Inheritance
Genotype Variation, Mutations and Recombination
Phenotype Variation, Environmental Influences
G. Mendel and his Laws of Inheritance
Family Studies, Pedigree Analysis
Twins and Twin Studies
Patterns of Autosomal Dominant Inheritance
Patterns of Autosomal Recessive Inheritance
Patterns of X-Linked Inheritance
Multifactorial Inheritance, Heritability
Disorders with Multifactorial Inheritance in Man
Genetic Liability, Threshold Model.
Dihybridism, non-allelic genes interaction
Multiple Alleles
Genetic Linkage
Crossing-over, its mechanism and importance
Genetic Linkage Analysis
Genetic Mapping, Application of Human Genome Mapping
Extrachromosomal and Non-Mendelian Inheritance
Molecular Basis of Inheritance
DNA, Structure and Function
RNAs, Structure and Function
Gene Structure and Function
The Genetic Code
Protein coding and signal sequences of DNA
DNA Replication
Transcription and RNA Processing and Splicing
Translation and Posttranslational Processing
Gene Expression and its Regulation in Prokaryotes
Gene Expression and its Regulation in Eukaryotes
Mutagenes and Mutagenesis
Gene Mutations, Types and Effects
DNA Repair Mechanisms and their Disturbances
Haemoglobin and the Haemoglobinopathies
Nucleic Acid Polymorphism
Protein Polymorphism
The Molecular Basis of Genetic Diseases
The Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Prevention and Therapy
Gene Manipulation
DNA Diagnostic Direct Methods
DNA Diagnostic Indirect Methods
Physical Mapping of Human Genome, HUGO
Immunogenetics
The Major Histocompatibility Complex, HLA
Genetics of Immunoglobulin Structure and Diversity
Genetics of Transplantations
Genetic Control of Immune Response
The Function and Cooperation of Immunocompetent Cells
The ABO Blood Groups, Genetics and Clinical Importance
Rhesus Blood Group. Haemolytic Disease of the Newborn
Immunodeficiency, Immunotolerance
Developmental Genetics
Genetics of Embryonic Development,
Cell Differentiation
Aging and Death, Apoptosis.
Genomic Imprinting
Sex Differentiation and its Disturbances
Dysmorphology, Birth Defects in Humans
Teratogenesis and Teratogenes
Mutagenic and teratogenic factors of Environment
Cancer Genetics
Cancer Cells Characteristics
Protooncogenes and Oncogenes
Tumour Suppressor Genes
Mutator Genes and Genome Stability.
Cancer Families
Presymptomatic Diagnostics of Cancers
Immunity and Tumours, Gene Therapy
Population Genetics
Mendelian Population, Castle-Hardy-Weinberg Law
Genetic Polymorphisms
Factors Affecting C.-H.-W. Equilibrium
Natural Selection (types)
Inbreeding, Consanguinity and Inherited Diseases
Genetic Drift and Gene Flow
Genetic Mechanisms of Evolution
Chromosome and Protein Evolution
Evolution of the Human Species, Races
Ecology, Main Ecology Problems.
Medical Genetics
Genetic Counseling
Carrier Detection and Presymptomatic Diagnostics
Population Screening
Prenatal Diagnosis of Genetic Diseases
Prevention and Treatment of Genetic Diseases
Gene Therapy
Ethical Issues in Medical Genetics, Eugenics.
Annotation
Biology of procaryotic and eucaryotic cell. Mitosis, meiosis, regulation.
Mendelian inheritance. Gene interaction.
Multifactorial inheritance. Genetic analysis.
Gene linkage. Genealogy.
Human chromosomes and chromosomal aberrations.