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Histologie a obecná embryologie 1

Předmět na 1. lékařská fakulta |
B82669

Sylabus

LECTURES PRACTICAL   LESSONS WEEK WED   10,30 - 12,00 TUE - FRI:  8,00 - 10,15   / WED    14,00 - 16,15

1. Cell - morphological and functional unit of the organism. Cell   membrane - structure and function. Membrane organelles. Introduction to cytology and histology. Basic terms. Methods of study   of cells and tissues. Histological specimen. Processing of material.   Communication with the histopathological lab. Basics of microscopy

2. Non-membrane organelles. Cytoskeleton. Specialization of the cell   surface. Cell junctions. Molecular principle of the molecular motors. Clinical   aspect: Mutations of keratins and skin disease. Principles of staining, histological dyes. Basic and special staining   methods. Identification of staining methods on slides. /Set T/.

3. Nucleus - structure and function. Cell cycle, mitosis, meiosis. Cell   death - apoptosis. Exocytosis, endocytosis. Cell inclusions (deposits). Clinical   aspect: Tumorigenesis. Basics of histochemistry, immunohistochmistry and electron   microscopy.  Microscopical analysis of   slides demonstrating histological techniques. /Set T/

4. Tissues - classification, general structure and function. Embryonic   origin of tissues - germ layers. Epithelial tissue 1 - general characteristic, classification, basic   types and their morphological properties.    Microscopy of epithelial tissue. /Set T/

5. Connective tissue - general characterization. Extracellular matrix -   its synthesis and composition. Cartilage - structure and function Clinical   aspect: Wound healing. Epithelial tissue 2 - functional classification and characteristic,   glands - general structure, classification, types of secretion and their   cytological features. Microscopy of glands. /Set B1 and H/.

6. Types of bone tissue, structure and function. Bone histogenesis.   Dentin and cementum. Clinical aspect: Bone fracture repair. Connective tissue. Visualization of connective tissue fibers. Types of   connective tissue cells. Types of connective tissue, structure and function.   Microscopy of connective tissue. /Set A/.

7. Muscle tissue. General characterization of smooth and striated muscle   (skeletal and cardiac). Intercalated disc structure. Functional morphology of   a myofibril. Clinical aspect: Muscle hypertrophy and atrophy Lamellar and woven bone. Microscopy of hyaline and elastic cartilage   and fibrocartilage, lamellar and woven bone. /Set A/.

8. Nerve tissue. Neuron - structure. Synapse - structure and function.   Neuroglia - classification, structure, function. Nerve fibers and their   sheets. Initiation, spreading and transmission of a nerve impulse. Clinical   aspect: Demyelinating diseases Muscle tissue. Intramembranous and endochondral ossification.   Microscopy of ossification and muscle tissue. /Set A/.

9. Blood - composition and function of peripheral blood. Blood plasma.   Classification and general characteristic of the blood elements.   Hematopoiesis  - hematopoietic periods,   stem and progenitor cells. Regulatory mechanisms of hematopoiesis. Clinical   aspect: Anemia. Neurohistological methods. Types of neurons in CNS and PNS. Structure   of the peripheral nerve. Motor end plate, muscle spindle. /Set L/.

10. CardiovascularsystemI.Heart -   endocardium, myocardium, epicardium. Electrical conduction system of the   heart - histological structure. Blood vessels - general structure. Types of   capillaries, their function. Clinical aspect: Myocardial infarction. Blood. Formed blood elements. Preparation, staining and evaluation of   a blood smear. Leukogram - its significance for diagnosis.

11. Defense of the organism, basic principles. Lymphatic organs -   structure and function. Clinical aspect: Inflammation. Bone marrow examination. Morphology of cell lineages of blood   elements.

12. GIT 1 - liver and biliary tract - cytology and functional morphology   of hepatocyte. Oral cavity. Structure of the tooth. Clinical   aspect:Cholelithiasis. Cardiovascular system. Elastic and muscular arteries. Veins.   Microscopy of heart, aorta, neurovascular bundle, inferior vena cava. /Set   F/.

13. GIT 2 - gut tube-general structure. Mucosa of the stomach. Clinical   aspects: Peptic ulcer. Spleen, thymus, lymph node, palatine tonsil, lingual tonsil. Set G

14. GIT 3 - mucosa of the small intestine, functional morphology of   enterocyte.  Clinical aspect: Malabsorptive   disorder. GIT1 - Salivary glands and pancreas. Organs of the oral cavity - lip,   tongue, tooth..                                                                                                                  /Set B1/

15. Respiratory system. Mucosa of the respiratory airways. Mucociliary   complex. Respiratory epithelium and its functional morphology (blood-air   barrier). Clinical aspect: Asthma bronchiale. CREDITS   Teachers : Doc.MUDr. Tomáš Kučera, Ph.D., Doc. MUDr.Marie Jirkovská, CSc., MUDr.Richard Becke,  Doc. MUDr.Hana Brichová, CSc.,  Doc. MUDr.Zuzana Jirsová, CSc

Anotace

Processing of tissue samples for histological analysis; basic methods of histological dying; structure and function of human cell and its particular constituents; cell contacts and communication; microscopic and ultramicroscopic structure of tissues and their functional features; application of theoretical knowledge to analysis of preparations. General embryology.