Syllabus
Education in summer semestr takes up 4 seminars of winter semestr:
Themes:
- General genetics: basic genetic expressions, Mendel´s principles, gene linkage, gene interactions
- Basis of clinical genetics: heredity of genetic diseases, monogenic and polygenic autosomal and gonosomal heredity, polygenic heredity, examples of hereditary diseases, risks of hereditary diseases, calculations of risks.
- Immunogenetics: heredity of blood groups, HLA antigens, genetic determination of antibodies formation.
- Genotoxicology: Mutagenesis: types of mutations and mutations consequences, physical, chemical and biological mutagens. Carcinogenesis: cell cycle regulation, protooncogens, tumor suppressor genes-its role and concequences of mutations in this genes, chromosomal changes in tumors, carcinogens, relations between mutagenesis and carcinogenesis. Teratogenesis: mechanisms of origin of fetal malformations, teratogens. Reparation mechanisms. Methods of genotoxicity testing.
- Population genetics: Hardy-Weinberg law, conditions for H.-W. equilibrium and its use in clinical genetics, factors disturbing H.-W. equilibrium. Problems calculations.
- Clinical cytogenetics: inborn chromosomal abnormalities numerical and structural, causes of chromosomal abnormalities origin, consequences of chromosomal abnormalities, indications for prenatal and postnatal chromosomal examinations, examples of the most frequent chromosomal abnormalities. Syndromes with increased chromosomal fragility.
- Imprinting of genes and human pathologies(Prader-Willi syndrome, Angelman syndrome, Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome), imprinting and tumors. Dynamic mutations: fragile X, Huntington disease.
- Genetic counselling, preconceptional and prenatal care, genealogy, cytogenetic and molecular genetic methods, prenatal cytogenetic diagnosis - methods, indications, ethic problems in genetics.
- Ecology: basic ecological problems, influence of environmental factors on human health.
Annotation
Partial course "General biology and genetics" is a part of Module BI: Cell biology and genetics. It presents basic knowledge of general biology and genetics, neccessary for following study of clinical genetics in the 3rd and 5th years of study .