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Histology

Class at Second Faculty of Medicine |
DA0101436

Syllabus

HISTOLOGY

First year, winter semester

Lecture 2 hours ones per two weeks; seminar and laboratories 4 hours ones per two weeks

Cytology

General structure of cell, plasma membrane, mitochondria, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi complex, lysosomes, peroxisomes, inclusions, cytoskeleton (microfilaments, intermediate filaments, microtubules), centriole; nucleus (nuclear envelope, chromatin, nucleolus)

Epithelial tissue

Epithelial cells, specializations of cell surfaces, classification of epithelia, glandular epithelia

Connective tissue

General characteristic of connective tissue, fibrilar component and ground substance of extracellular matrix, cells of connective tissue

Connective tissue proper, types of connective tissue proper

General characteristic of cartilage, types of cartilage

General characteristic of bone, types of bone, bone histogenesis, growth and remodeling, joints

Nerve tissue

General characteristic, neurons (cell body, dendrites, axon), synapses, neuroglia, myelination

Muscle tissue

General characteristic, types of muscle tissue, mechanism of contraction, regeneration

Blood

Formed elements of blood (erythrocytes, leukocytes, platelets), formation of formed blood elements

Circulatory system

General structure of vessels, capillaries, arteries, veins, lymphatic vessels, heart

First year, summer semester

Lecture 2 hours per week; seminar and laboratories 3 hours per week

Lymphoid system

General structure and classification of lymphoid organs, thymus, lymph nodes, spleen, tonsils

Respiratory system

Epithelium lining airways, structures responsible for air conditioning, nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchial tree, alveoli, interalveolar septum

Digestive system

General structure of digestive tract, oral cavity, tongue, teeth, oesophagus, stomach, small and large intestine

Glands associated with the digestive tract - salivary glands, pancreas, liver, biliary tract

Urinary system

Structure of kidneys (renal corpuscle, nephrons, collecting tubules and ducts, juxtaglomerular apparatus), urinary passages

Male reproductive system

Structure of testis, spermatogenesis, intratesticular and excretory genital ducts, accessory genital glands, penis

Female reproductive system

Structure of ovary, ovarian follicles, ovulation, corpus luteum, oviduct, uterus, changes in the endometrium during the menstrual cycle, vagina, external genitalia

Endocrine system

Hypophysis (adenohypophysis, neurohypophysis), pineal gland, thyroid, parathyroid glands, adrenal cortex, adrenal medulla

Nervous system

Central and peripheral nervous system, grey and white matter, spinal cord, cerebellum, cerebrum, meninges, choroid plexus, peripheral nerves, nerve ganglia

Skin

Epidermis, keratinization, melanocytes and pigment formation, dermis, skin adnexes (hair, nails, glands of the skin), mammary gland

Sense organs

Classification of sense organs receptors

Somatic and visceral receptors

Structure of eye (fibrous, vascular and nervous layers, lens, vitreous body, accessory structures of eye)

Chemoreceptors (olfactory epithelium, taste buds)

Audioreceptors (structure of ear, external, middle and internal ear)

Proprioceptors

Special histological techniques

Histochemistry, immunohistochemistry, lectin histochemistry, fluorescence microscopy, in situ hybridization

Annotation

Basic cytology, structure and ultrastructure of four principal tissues and of the organs of human organism.