Sylabus
HISTOLOGY
First year, winter semester
Lecture 2 hours ones per two weeks; seminar and laboratories 4 hours ones per two weeks
Cytology
General structure of cell, plasma membrane, mitochondria, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi complex, lysosomes, peroxisomes, inclusions, cytoskeleton (microfilaments, intermediate filaments, microtubules), centriole; nucleus (nuclear envelope, chromatin, nucleolus)
Epithelial tissue
Epithelial cells, specializations of cell surfaces, classification of epithelia, glandular epithelia
Connective tissue
General characteristic of connective tissue, fibrilar component and ground substance of extracellular matrix, cells of connective tissue
Connective tissue proper, types of connective tissue proper
General characteristic of cartilage, types of cartilage
General characteristic of bone, types of bone, bone histogenesis, growth and remodeling, joints
Nerve tissue
General characteristic, neurons (cell body, dendrites, axon), synapses, neuroglia, myelination
Muscle tissue
General characteristic, types of muscle tissue, mechanism of contraction, regeneration
Blood
Formed elements of blood (erythrocytes, leukocytes, platelets), formation of formed blood elements
Circulatory system
General structure of vessels, capillaries, arteries, veins, lymphatic vessels, heart
First year, summer semester
Lecture 2 hours per week; seminar and laboratories 3 hours per week
Lymphoid system
General structure and classification of lymphoid organs, thymus, lymph nodes, spleen, tonsils
Respiratory system
Epithelium lining airways, structures responsible for air conditioning, nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchial tree, alveoli, interalveolar septum
Digestive system
General structure of digestive tract, oral cavity, tongue, teeth, oesophagus, stomach, small and large intestine
Glands associated with the digestive tract - salivary glands, pancreas, liver, biliary tract
Urinary system
Structure of kidneys (renal corpuscle, nephrons, collecting tubules and ducts, juxtaglomerular apparatus), urinary passages
Male reproductive system
Structure of testis, spermatogenesis, intratesticular and excretory genital ducts, accessory genital glands, penis
Female reproductive system
Structure of ovary, ovarian follicles, ovulation, corpus luteum, oviduct, uterus, changes in the endometrium during the menstrual cycle, vagina, external genitalia
Endocrine system
Hypophysis (adenohypophysis, neurohypophysis), pineal gland, thyroid, parathyroid glands, adrenal cortex, adrenal medulla
Nervous system
Central and peripheral nervous system, grey and white matter, spinal cord, cerebellum, cerebrum, meninges, choroid plexus, peripheral nerves, nerve ganglia
Skin
Epidermis, keratinization, melanocytes and pigment formation, dermis, skin adnexes (hair, nails, glands of the skin), mammary gland
Sense organs
Classification of sense organs receptors
Somatic and visceral receptors
Structure of eye (fibrous, vascular and nervous layers, lens, vitreous body, accessory structures of eye)
Chemoreceptors (olfactory epithelium, taste buds)
Audioreceptors (structure of ear, external, middle and internal ear)
Proprioceptors
Special histological techniques
Histochemistry, immunohistochemistry, lectin histochemistry, fluorescence microscopy, in situ hybridization
Anotace
Basic cytology, structure and ultrastructure of four principal tissues and of the organs of human organism.