Sylabus
Lecturers RNDr. Věra Králová, Ph.D. Lectures Organisation of living systems – definition of life, cell theory. Models in biomedicine. Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.DNA synthesis. Expression of genetic information 1 – transcription,post-transcriptional modifications of RNA Expression of genetic information 2 – transcription, post-transcriptional modifications of RNA, translation, post-translational modifications of proteins. Cell membranes – structure and function of biological membranes, membrane transport, membraneous organelles of eukaryotic cells. Mitochondrion – structure and function, ATP production.Cytoskeleton – microtubules, microfilaments, intermediate filaments, cellular movements, transport of vesicles. Regulation of cellular functions – principles, signals, receptors, signaling pathways, regulation of gene expression.Cell cycle - course and regulation.Cell death. Introduction to genetics – genes, genomes, variability of individuals. Mutations, polymorphisms, reparatory mechanisms.Human genome – organisation of genome, chromosomes, structure of chromatin and its changes.Meiosis. Practical courses & seminars Lecturers Prof. PharmDr. Emil Rudolf, Ph.D. RNDr. Veronika Skarková, Ph.D. Practical course
1. Microscopic techniques I.
1.1 General terms and conditions of the biology course
1.2 Size estimation
1.3 Permanent mount of cells cultivated in vitro
2. Microscopic techniques II.
2.1 Wet mount of buccal cells
3. Cellular membranes – osmotic phenomena
3.1 Osmotic changes in erythrocytes after the treatment with anisotropic solutions
3.2 Plasmolysis in plant cell (Elodea densa)
4. Cell motility
4.2 Cyclosis in plant cells (Elodea densa)
4.3 Amoeboid movement
4.4 Flagellar movement
5. Cell cultures in biomedicine (seminar)
5.1 Cell and tissue culture techniques
6. Information sources and their relevance in biomedicine (seminar)
6.1 Scientific information in biomedicine – the structure of scientific article
6.2 In vitro tests used for cytotoxicity assays – dental applications
7. Cell death – scientific methodology
7.1 Permanent mount of tumor cells treated with cytostatic drug
7.2. Vital staining
8. Cell cycle and cell division
8.1 Mitosis in permanent mounts of plant cells
8.2 Mitosis in animal cell cultures
8.3 Mitotic index and particular phases of mitosis
9. Advances in biosciences (seminar)
9.1 Student presentations (biodentistry oriented)
10. CREDIT
10.1 Final test
Anotace
Definition of life, organisation of living systems. Molecules in cells, structure and function of proteins and nucleic acids.
Cell theory, prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. The cell nucleus, organisation of DNA, chromosomes.
DNA replication and repair. Transcription and translation of genetic information, RNA processing, posttranslational modification.
The cellular membranes, structure and function. Transport across biomembranes, cell membrane fusion.
The endoplasmic reticulum, the Golgi apparatus. The mitochondrion, production of ATP.
The cytoskeleton. Cell growth and cell division.
Regulation of cellular functions. Cell death, necrosis, apoptosis.