Syllabus
Types of analytical reactions. Selectivity and sensitivity of analytical reactions.
Analytical protolytic reactions. Buffers in analytical chemistry. Acids and bases in non-aqueous solvents.
Analytical complex-formation reactions and their equilibrium. Use of complex-formation reactions in analytical chemistry. Masking. Organic complex-formation reagents.
Analytical oxidation-reduction (redox) reactions, their equilibrium and kinetics. Catalytic and induced reaction.
Analytical precipitation reactions and their equilibrium. Extraction equilibrium.
Detection and determination of selected cations and anions.
General procedures in quantitative analysis. Sample pre-treatment. Processing and evaluation of results of quantitative analysis.
Fundamentals and types of gravimetric methods.
Titrimetric (volumetric) analysis; direct titration, indirect titration, back-titration. Concentration of volumetric solutions and their standardisation.
Acidimetry and alkalimetry, acid-base indicators, titration in non-aqueous solvents. Chelatometry, chelatometric indicators. Permanganatometry. Iodimetry. Bromatometry. Dichromatometry. Argentometry. Mercurimetry.
Methods of organic analysis. Elemental analysis: detection of C, H, N, S, O, and halogens in organic compounds. Determination of C, H, N, S, O, and halogens.
Functional analysis: detection of alcohols, phenols, amines, aldehydes and ketones, carboxylic acids, esters, amides, sulphonamides, sulphonic acids, hydrocarbons, nitro- and nitroso-compounds.
Identification and determination of hydrocarbons, alcohols, phenols, amines, aldehydes and ketones, carboxylic acids, esters, amides, sulphonamides, sulphonic acids, nitro- and nitroso-compounds. Analysis of organic salts.
Solubility of organic compounds - classification system, structure-solubility relationships and their analytical use.
Instrumental methods in analytical chemistry. Optical methods, analytical implications of absorption and emission of light by particulate matter. Qualitative a quantitative absorption spectral analysis. Spectrophotometry in the visible spectral region. Extraction-spectrophotometric methods. Spectrophotometry in the UV spectral region. Infra-red spectrophotometry and identification of organic compounds. Flame photometry. Analytical implications of refractometry and polarimetry.
Electroanalytical methods. Potentiometry, potentiometric titrations and their evaluation. Conductimetry, conductimetric titrations. Voltammetry. Qualitative and quantitative polarographic analysis.
Radioanalytical methods.
Separation methods. Principles of chromatographic separations. Paper chromatography, thin-layer chromatography (TLC). Gas chromatography. Liquid chromatography.
Annotation
Methods of quantitative analysis - gravimetry, volumetric analysis - titration in aqueous and non-aqueous media, standardisation, ways of indication. Instrumental methods - UV, VIS, IR spectrophotometry, extraction-spectrophotometric assays, flame photometry, refractometry, polarimetry, potentiometry and potentiometric titration, conductimetry, voltametry, radioanalytical methods, basic separation methods - liquid and gas chromatography.