stavební bloky a chemické vazby v DNA, RNA a proteinech, význam slabých interakcí pro strukturu makromolekul, význam energeticky bohatých sloučenin
\r\nGenetická informace
molekulární podstata dědičnosti, současná představa o genech, struktura a funkce DNA a RNA. Tok informací v biologických systémech ? centrální dogma molekulární biologie
Chromosomy v buňkách
chromosomální DNA, struktura a funkce chromosomů, chromatinu a nukleosomů, funkce centromer a telomer, organelové genomy
Kopírování genetické informace
replikace DNA, replikace chromosomů a mimochromosomálních DNA, replikace konců lineárních chromosomů
Rekombinace a mobilní genetické elementy
úloha homologií rekombinace, genetické důsledky rekombinačních procesů, mechanismy homologní a místně specifické rekombinace, mobilní DNA ? transpozony, retroposony, retroviry, biologická role místně specifické rekombinace
Mutace a oprava poškozené DNA
fyziologické a nefyziologické modifikace DNA, mutace - příčiny a důsledky poškození DNA, mechanismus reparačních procesů, možnosti oprav poškozené DNA a oprava chyb vzniklých při replikaci DNA
Projev genetické informace
mechanismy transkripce u prokaryot a eukaryot, úpravy RNA, struktura a funkce tRNA
Sestřih RNA
sestřihové mechanismy, ribozymy, editování RNA, RNA svět
Syntéza proteinů
prokaryotická a eukaryotická translace, genetický kód, chaperony a terciární struktura proteinů, posttranslační modifikace proteinů a úloha endoplasmatického retikula a Golgiho aparátu, degradace proteinů
Regulace genů
základní principy regulace genové exprese, aktivátory a represory transkripce, regulace prokaryotické a eukaryotické iniciace transkripce, atenuace, regulace úprav mRNA, změny ve struktuře chromatinu a umlčování genů, regulace iniciace translace, regulace stability proteinů, regulace genů důležitých pro vývoj
Využití molekulární biologie a technik genového inženýrství
klonování DNA, sekvenace DNA a genomové projekty, geneticky modifikované organismy, genetické testy, genová terapie
Structure and function of biomacromolecules\r\nbuilding blocks and chemical bonds in DNA, RNA and proteins, the importance of weak interactions for the structure of macromolecules, the importance of energy-rich compounds\r\n\r\nGenetic information\r\nmolecular basis of heredity, current concept of genes, structure and function of DNA and RNA. Information flow in biological systems? central dogma of molecular biology\r\n\r\nChromosomes in cells\r\nchromosomal DNA, structure and function of chromosomes, chromatin and nucleosomes, centromere and telomeric functions, organelle genomes\r\n\r\nCopying genetic information\r\nDNA replication, chromosome and extra-chromosomal DNA replication, linear chromosome end replication\r\n\r\nRecombination and mobile genetic elements\r\nrole of recombination homologies, genetic consequences of recombination processes, mechanisms of homologous and site-specific recombination, mobile DNA? transposons, retroposons, retroviruses, biological role of site-specific recombination\r\n\r\nMutation and repair of damaged DNA\r\nphysiological and non-physiological modifications of DNA, mutations - causes and consequences of DNA damage, mechanism of repair processes, possibilities of repairing damaged DNA and repairing errors caused by DNA replication\r\n\r\nManifestation of genetic information\r\nmechanisms of transcription in prokaryotes and eukaryotes, RNA processing, structure and function of tRNA\r\n\r\nRNA splicing\r\nsplicing mechanisms, ribozymes, RNA editing, RNA world\r\n\r\nProtein synthesis\r\nprokaryotic and eukaryotic translation, genetic code, chaperones and tertiary structure of proteins, posttranslational modification of proteins and role of endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus, protein degradation\r\n\r\nRegulation of genes\r\nbasic principles of gene expression regulation, transcription activators and repressors, regulation of prokaryotic and eukaryotic initiation of transcription, attenuation, regulation of mRNA modifications, changes in chromatin structure and gene silencing, regulation of translation initiation, regulation of protein stability, regulation of genes important for development\r\n\r\nApplication of molecular biology and genetic engineering techniques\r\nDNA cloning, DNA sequencing and genomic projects, genetically modified organisms, genetic tests, gene therapy
","inLanguage":"en"}]}Structure and function of biomacromolecules building blocks and chemical bonds in DNA, RNA and proteins, the importance of weak interactions for the structure of macromolecules, the importance of energy-rich compounds
Genetic information molecular basis of heredity, current concept of genes, structure and function of DNA and RNA. Information flow in biological systems? central dogma of molecular biology
Chromosomes in cells chromosomal DNA, structure and function of chromosomes, chromatin and nucleosomes, centromere and telomeric functions, organelle genomes
Copying genetic information
DNA replication, chromosome and extra-chromosomal DNA replication, linear chromosome end replication
Recombination and mobile genetic elements role of recombination homologies, genetic consequences of recombination processes, mechanisms of homologous and site-specific recombination, mobile DNA? transposons, retroposons, retroviruses, biological role of site-specific recombination
Mutation and repair of damaged DNA physiological and non-physiological modifications of DNA, mutations - causes and consequences of DNA damage, mechanism of repair processes, possibilities of repairing damaged DNA and repairing errors caused by DNA replication
Manifestation of genetic information mechanisms of transcription in prokaryotes and eukaryotes, RNA processing, structure and function of tRNA
RNA splicing splicing mechanisms, ribozymes, RNA editing, RNA world
Protein synthesis prokaryotic and eukaryotic translation, genetic code, chaperones and tertiary structure of proteins, posttranslational modification of proteins and role of endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus, protein degradation
Regulation of genes basic principles of gene expression regulation, transcription activators and repressors, regulation of prokaryotic and eukaryotic initiation of transcription, attenuation, regulation of mRNA modifications, changes in chromatin structure and gene silencing, regulation of translation initiation, regulation of protein stability, regulation of genes important for development
Application of molecular biology and genetic engineering techniques
DNA cloning, DNA sequencing and genomic projects, genetically modified organisms, genetic tests, gene therapy
The lecture is focused on the basic mechanisms and principles of molecular biology with regard to the needs of students in teacher education. The main part of the lecture is devoted to the storage and copying of genetic information in the cell and to the expression and regulation of genes.
In addition, the lecture includes an introduction to basic methods of molecular biology.