Syllabus
1. Microorganisms and microbiology · properties of the cells, three domains of life, role of microorganisms in the environment · microbiology in historical context
2. Microbial cell structure and function · microscopy, Gram staining · cells of bacteria – cell wall, cytoplasmic membrane and transport, nucleoid, ribosomes, inclusions, flagellum, pili, capsule, gas vesicles, bacterial locomotion · endospores, sporulation
3. Molecular microbiology · bacterial genome - chromosome, plasmids · horizontal gene transfer - transformation, transduction, conjugation, transposition · gene cloning, mutation, selection · restriction endonucleases
4. Microbial metabolism · cell chemistry and nutrition · media and laboratory culture · energy classes of microorganisms · Bioenergetics – free energy, redox potential, activation energy, glycolysis, Krebs cycle, electron donors and acceptors, ATP · fermentation, respiration, anaerobic respiration, chemolithotrophy, phototrophy
5. Microbial growth · bacterial cell division – cell cycle, binary fission, peptidoglycan biosynthesis · population growth, growth curve, measuring microbial growth · continuous cultivation
6. Microorganisms and environment · effect of temperature on microbial growth, other environmental effects on microbial growth · control of microbial growth · microbial ecology, terrestrial Environments, aquatic Environments · symbioses between microorganisms, plants as microbial habitats, mammals as microbial habitats
7. Microbial evolution and systematics · early Earth and the origin and diversification of life, living fossils: DNA records, the history of life, microbial evolution, microbial systematics
8. Microbial Interactions with humans · Normal Human–Microbial Interactions · Pathogenesis, virulence factors, immunity, vaccination
9. Infectious diseases and their transmission · antimicrobial drugs · viruses · person-to-person bacterial and viral diseases, airborne bacterial and viral diseases, direct-contact diseases, sexually transmitted infections, vectorborne and soilborne infections, water and food as vehicles of bacterial diseases
10. Industrial microbiology and biotechnology · eukaryotic microbial cells · microorganisms in food industry · production of antibiotics, enzymes and vitamins, · bioremediation, wastewater and drinking water treatment
Annotation
The lecture comprises the basics of the general microbiology with particular focus on bacteria. The most important topics are covered: structure and function of bacterial cell, growth, metabolism, interactions with environment and host, diversity of microorganism, pathogeny and the practical use of microorganisms.
The course is held in Czech language.
References:
Brock Biology of Microorganisms, Eds. Madigan, Martinko, Stahl, Clark, 13th Edition, 2012, Pearson (or higher edition)
Základy bakteriologie, F. Kaprálek, 1999, Karolinum