Syllabus
1. Microorganisms and microbiology. Introduction, microorganisms, milestones of microbiology, observation of microorganisms, special properties of microorganisms, viruses.
2. Structure and function of bacterial cell. Cell shape, size, cytoplasmic membrane, transport mechanisms, cell wall, other cell structures, mechanisms of motion.
3. Nutrition and metabolism of microorganisms. Nutrition and composition of microorganisms, microbiological media, electron transporters, ATP, Glycolysis, Krebs cycle, aerobic respiration.
4. Growth of microorganisms Individual cell growth, Exponential growth and growth curve phase. Temperature, pH, osmotic pressure and other physical factors affecting growth.
5. Molecular biology and genetics of bacteria and archea. Escherichia coli chromosome, plasmids, DNA replication, transcription and sigma factors, horizontal transfer of genetic information - transformation, transduction and conjugation. Mobile DNA. Bacterial genomics.
6. Diversity of metabolisms. Industrial microbiology and biotechnology. Phototrophy and chemolitotrophy, fermentation and anaerobic respiration. Products of microorganisms in industrial microbiology. Products of genetically modified microorganisms.
7. Evolution of microorganisms and their systematics. Earth evolution, origin and diversification of life. Phylogeny of microorganisms. The concept of species, classification and nomenclature.
8. Diversity of bacteria. Phototrophic bacteria, pseudomonads, enterobacteria, Vibrio and Photobacterium, morphologically characteristic proteobacteria, mycobacteria, staphylococci and streptococci, endospore-forming bacteria, mycoplasmas, streptomyces, cyanobacteria, green sulfur bacteria, spirochetes. Archea, evolution and life in high temperature.
9. Inhibition of growth of microorganisms. Suppression of microorganisms growth by physical factors and chemical substances.
10. Microorganisms and man. Beneficial relationships of the host with microorganisms. Virulence factors and pathogenicity of bacteria, infection and host response. Examples: airborne diseases, sexually transmitted diseases, animal vectors, food.
Annotation
The lecture is intended for students of the bachelor's degree in biology.
The condition of the microbiology exam is a credit from the laboratory course for the lecture.
The lecture presupposes previous completion of lecture: Biochemistry (see "Prerequisites"). We also recommend attending lectures: Cell Biology, Molecular Biology.
Contact email: seydlova@natur.cuni.cz