Syllabus
1. Fertilization. Regulation of the sperm penetration, block to polyspermy, cortical reaction, activation of gamete metabolism, fusion of the genetic material, fertilization ways, etc.
2. Early embryonic development: Sea urchin, C. elegans, Xenopus laevis, chicken, mouse, etc. Structure and organization of the oocyte from the nutrition point of view.
3. Stability and variability of the genetic information. Principles of the cell differentiation.
4. Gastrulation, formation of the neural tube, somitogenesis. Inductive interaction (neurulation, formation of the eye), important genes and their regulation.
5. Embryonic development of birds and mammals and their comparation. Extraembryonic membranes. Cloning and tissue reparation. Embryonic stem cells.
6. Genetics and morphogenesis of Drosophila melanogaster.
7. Cell differentiation and morphogenesis in the later development and in adulthood. Metamorphosis, regeneration, aging, death.
8. Stem cells, ageing and death.9. Experimental approaches in Developmental biology.
10.-11. Developmental biology of plants.
Annotation
Please note, the lectures are given in Czech language only.
Developmental biology is a science about the life cycle including reproduction, embryonic development, regeneration, aging and death of organism. The key question is about cell differentiation resulting in many tissue and organ types. Contemporary research takes advantage of both, methodical approaches of the cellular and molecular biology and classical embryology, morphology, and genetics.