Syllabus
1. Black-body radiation. Photoelectric effect. Bohr model of atom, de Broglie mass waves. Wave-matter duality, wave mechanics.
2. Schrödinger equation. Description of physical variables in quantum mechanics, operator concept. Properties and physical meaning of wave function. Hamilton operator. Superposition principle. Measurability of physical variables, commutator of operators.
3. Heisenberg uncertainty relations. Correspondence principle. Electron in a quantum box.
4. Quantum mechanical description of a free particle, hydrogen atom. Quantum numbers. Angular momentum operator. Magnetic moment of electron. Spin. Bosons and fermions. Pauli principle.
5. Transitions between quantum states. Interaction of radiation with matter, Fermi golden rule. Uncertainty relations for energy and time. Stimulated absorption and emission, lasers.
6. Crystal structure of solids. Basic crystallographic concepts, Bravais lattice, Wigner-Seitz cell, Miller indexes.
7. Basic properties of Roentgen radiation. Diffraction of Rontgen rays, Bragg's and Laue equations. Spectral properties of Roentgen radiation. Reciprocal vectors, reciprocal space,
8. Brillouin zone, band structure of solids. Metals, semiconductors and isolators. Electrons in metals - Fermi gas of free electrons. Density of states.
9. Electrons in semiconductors - nearly free electron model. Electron in periodical potential, Bloch theorem. Direct and indirect band gap semiconductors. Electronic transitions in semiconductors, concept of hole and exciton. Intrinsic and doped semiconductors
10. Tunnel effect. Low dimensional structures, quantum wells, quantum wires, quantum dots.
11. Harmonic oscillator. Crystal lattice vibrations, phonons.
Annotation
Introduction in quantum mechanics.