Anotace
The subject "Biology of children" deals with a comprehensive understanding of the biological aspects of child development, including the prenatal period to adolescence. The syllabus covers a wide range of topics, including hormonal regulation before and during pregnancy, the birth process and the assessment of newborn health using the Apgar score. The course emphasizes prenatal development, examining embryogenesis and fetal development, and emphasizes the critical role of nutrition before and during pregnancy. You will learn how maternal nutrition affects the cognitive function and overall development of children at different stages, from toddlers to teenagers. The subject focuses significantly on psychomotor development with an emphasis on diagnosis and stimulation strategies. The course expands its scope to psychosocial and personality development, uses diagnostic tools to understand and evaluate these aspects of child growth. The intricacies of nervous system development are explained in detail, including neurophysiology related to motor development. The module on the endocrine and immune system deals with the key topics of vaccination, the development of the respiratory system and the maturation of the cardiovascular system. Attention is also paid to the developmental pathways of the excretory and digestive system. Neonatal reflexes, which are key to understanding early neurological development, are explored. The course includes an interactive component in which students present their projects and promote a practical understanding of the topics discussed. By combining theoretical knowledge with practical applications, the course aims to equip students with a holistic understanding of the biological processes that govern child development, from conception to adolescence.