Anotace
The course focuses on the idea of analysis (as “disentanglement” or “resolving complex expressions into simpler or more basic ones”): an analysis of arguments, thoughts, ideas, proofs, Etc. What does it mean to analyze? How do we do it? Do we learn an art of analysis by a theory or by a practice?
The idea of analysis comes from Aristotle. The modern mathematical analysis has its roots founded in the early modern thinking of René Descartes and in his method.
Besides, this course introduces the main ideas and skills of modern symbolic logic and foundations of mathematics (the ideas of proposition, variable, propositional function, first order language, and the skills of proving propositions) as they are inscribed in Principia Mathematica by Bertrand Russell and Alfred N. Whitehead.
All the necessary texts, notes and exam materials will be provided to students.