The aim of this paper is to analyze the current state of the concept of culture in anthropology in the context of the crisis both anthropology, as a holistic science of humans, and culture, as a key epistemological tool in anthropology, now face. Special attention is devoted to the analysis of theories of culture in the framework of evolutionary social sciences.
Author discusses bioculturology as a potential bridge connecting science and social sciences together with a regard to evolutionary theories of culture that are subject to a certain controversy. In the conclusion the author formulates a thesis that the controversy of evolutionary theories of culture has its origin in the history of the terms “culture” and “nature”.