Abstract
This chapter is a part of extensive chapter dedicated to liver symptoms. It clarifies the key mechanisms leading to manifestations of the syndrome of portal hypertension.
It breaks up to 11 sections which deal with causes of increased liver vascular resistance and impact of the elevated portal pressure onto the circulation and function of the gut and spleen, but also the systemic consequences in the circulation and its control, mechanisms of ascites development, liver encephalopathy, lung dysfunction and other disturbances.