Endometrial cancer is the second most common malignancy of the female genital tract. Its incidence in the Czech Republic is 32/100 000 women and year with a permanent increasing tendency.
In comparison with incidence, its mortality remains relatively low, with mortality ratio of 6.7 per 100,000 women and year. The decrease in mortality might be explained predominantly by early diagnostics.
The most controversial issue is the potential risk of microscopic extrauterine dissemination of cancerous cells within the peritoneal cavity and circulation during hysteroscopy, and the question if the relatively high pressure of distension medium used during hysteroscopies may or may not multiply the risk.