Remarkable coexistence of multiple cytotypes of the Gymnadenia conopsea aggregate (the fragrant orchid): evidence from flow cytometry

Abstract

Nearly 60% (out of 43) examined populations were found as mixed-ploidy, harbouring up to all five different ploidy levels (4x, 6x, 8x, 10x and 12x). Only scarce presence of minority cytotypes (6x, 10x and 12x; in total 2.7% of individuals) suggest strong pre- or post-zygotic mating barriers.

Gymnadenia conopsea agg. thus offer unique opportunity for studying processes that form and maintain cytotype coexistence under natural conditions.

Keywords

• coexistence
• contact zone
• flow cytometry