The chapter concentrates to history and development of schooling on the level 1 and 2 since beginning of general education till now in the Czech environment. Main milestones of development of the model of basic school are identified in the context of social and political processes, and educational reforms.
The analysis concentrates to conceptual, legislative and programmative levels and consequences for organization of basic education. Relations between 1th and 2nd level, the position in the structure of educational system and ties to higher levels are stressed.