European Surveillance of Antimicrobial Consumption (ESAC): outpatient antibiotic use in Europe (1997-2009)

Abstract

For the period 1997-2009, data on outpatient use of systemic antibiotics aggregated at the level of the active substance were collected and expressed in defined daily doses (WHO, version 2011) and packals per 1000 inhabitants per day (DID and PID, respectively). Outpatient antibiotic (ATC J01) use in DID in the 33 European countries able to deliver valid data was analysed using longitudinal and compositional data analyses.

Keywords

• drug consumption
• pharmacoepidemiology
• ambulatory care