Abstract
The most frequent causes of death in the demographically developed countries during the last decades are the cardiovascular diseases and neoplasms. The situation is not different also in the Czech Republic.
Alhough the population of the Czech Republic is rather small, the internal differences are significant. In the article the differences among regions of the Czech Republic are introduced briefly according to the intensity of mortality caused by two the most frequent groups of causes.
Also the basic developmental trends of the recent years are described.