Abstract
The article describes floodplain vegetation and soils, which develops under specific substrate, microclimate and water regime conditions. Floodplains represent the youngest and the most dynamic segments of landscape with the highest biodiversity.
Majority of rivers and floodplains have been regulated leading to floodplain vegetation change as well as change in pedogenetic factors. In the Czech Republic floodplains with characteristic species composition are preserved only in fragments in protected areas.
The best examples are found in the floodplain at the confluence of the Morava and Dyje Rivers: National nature reserve Cahnov-Soutok and Ranšpurk or fragments of alluvial forest at the confluence of the Elbe and Cidlina Rivers: National nature reserve Libický luh.