Abstract
Malnutrition before surgery is common and adversely affects the postoperative course. Risk groups are cancer and geriatric patients, patients with inflammatory bowel disease or other chronic catabolic diseases.
Nutritional risk assessment is a required component of pre-operative examination. To identify risk patient is nutritionally suitable NRS 2002 GREATER-THAN OR EQUAL TO 3 points (Nutritional Risk Score) or SGA (Subject Global Assessment).
Nutritional care before surgery involves first improving the nutritional status of the appropriate interventions for malnourished patients with elective surgery, 2. short-term nutritional support for risk people in length from 10 to 12 days before cancer surgery, 3. in the preoperative immunonutrition for all patients undergoing major surgery, regardless of nutritional status and 4. the preoperative drinking isotonic solution with maltodextrin at the time of last meal two hours prior to surgery. Immediate postoperative parenteral nutrition may be risk, according to new findings.
The current strategy of the safe operation preffers a pre-operative energy reserves building, which serves for healing following surgery during the transition of insufficient energy intake.