Abstract
Understanding neurophysiological and kinesiological principles of motor development is essential for proper evaluation of postural maturity of the child as a prerequisite for all targeted physical activities. Physical Education leading to a satisfactory level of physical literacy, which can guarantee adequate physical activity throughout life, can be started in the aquatic (water) environment too.
Physical activity conducted considering the ontogenetic principles, with emphasis on quality and the positive emotions that received motor programs fix in our memory are prerequisits of becoming the cornerstone of physical literacy and lifelong relationship to the movement. The importance of swimming literacy is (in addition to all the generally accepted benefits) in possible ensuring the protection of life in contact with the water environment.
The basis for differentiation of primary and follow-up swimming literacy is submited.