Author rejects the usual approach where the term "totalitarian" or "totalitarian" applies to the entire period from 1938 to 1989, and particularly highlights the extent of changes which took place in Czech society in 1956, and looks for internal consistency, which persisted throughout this time. TThe author argues that changes in the ethnic, demographic, social and political stratification of Czech society, which took place between 1938 and 1956, introduced "totalitarian mentality" into society, which then served the former dictatorship and contrasted sharply with the "democratic tradition", associated with the First Republic.