Two cases of imported visceral leishmaniasis (VL) are described. The first patient was a 32-year-old Czech man who developed VL 5 months after holidays in Italy (Bibione).
The second patient was a 62-year-old Czech man who developed leishmaniasis 18 months after visiting Croatia. In this patient, the clinically manifested VL started after chemotherapy of metastatic testicular tumor.
Both patients were successfully treated with amphotericin B lipid complex (Abelcet(R)). Troubles with establishing the correct diagnosis of VL are discussed.