Primary antifungal prophylaxis in the patients undergoing autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (autoHSCT) is often given routinely, without evidence supported neither by clinical trials nor meta-analyses. Both the overall and attributable mortality were not influenced by antifungal prophylaxis.
Autotransplanted patients are at low risk of invasive fungal disease, so primary antifungal prophylaxis should not routinely include those patients and pre-emptive approach seems to be a better choice.