Interaction of HLA-DRB1*03 and smoking for the development of anti-Jo-1 antibodies in adult idiopathic inflammatory myopathies: a European-wide case study

Abstract

Smoking appears to be associated with increased risk for possession of anti-Jo-1 in HLA-DRB1*03 positive IIM cases It is hypothesized that an interaction between HLA-DRB1*03 and smoking may prime the development of anti-Jo-1 antibodies.

Keywords

• Myositis
• antibodies
• smoking
• gene-environment interactions
• HLA