Pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A) and soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE) - intra- and inter-individual variability in chronic hemodialysis patients

Abstract

Dialysis patients are at high risk of cardiovascular complications. Pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A) as well as sRAGE (soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products) are new biomarkers related to cardiovascular disease.

Keywords

• Cardiovascular disease
• end-stage renal disease
• variability
• hemodialysis
• PAPP-A
• sRAGE
• coronary-artery-disease
• renal-function
• atherosclerosis
• endproducts
• mortality
• inflammation
• mechanisms
• predictor
• markers
• risk