Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy, hypertonic and atherosclerotic kidney injury, chronic glomerulonephritis, chronic intersticial nephritis and obstructive uropathy represent the most frequent causation of chronic renal insufficiency in elderly patients. The risk factors for high incidence of chronic kidney diseases are aging of population, increasing numbers of diabetes mellitus, obesity and hypertension.
The topical problem of vast bulk of chronic kidney diseases is progression to end-stage renal disease and increased cardiovascular morbidity. The goal of treatment is to modify classical and renal specific risk factors for cardiovascular disease.
The most important measures for both delaying or avoiding end-stage renal disease and reduction in risk of cardiovascular complications are blood pressure control (< 130/80 mm Hg) and decrease in proteinuria.