Abstract
The basis of treatment for localized renal cell carcinoma is surgery. The treatment of advanced and metastatic stages is based on systemic therapy in combination with cytoreductive local approaches.
Cytokines, used in the past, may currently be beneficial for patients in a good prognostic group, but molecularly targeted biological treatment, mainly directed at key points of the defective VHL/HIF pathway, showed significantly better efficacy in patients of all prognostic groups with prolonged survival compared to interferon alpha. Currently tyrosinekinase receptor inhibitors for angiogenic growth factors, sorafenib, sunitinib and pazopanib, monoclonal antibody neutralizing vascular endothelial growth factor bevacizumab and mTOR kinase inhibitors temsirolimus and everolimus are registered for the first or second-line treatment of advanced and/or metastatic disease.
The testing of targeted medicines adjuvant administration contribution takes place at the level of phase III studies.