Landsape use depends especially on natural conditions (soils, relief, water conditions). /
The paper deals with the topic of landscape use and its relations to natural and societal conditions of the landscape. The problem has been solved as a case study on the example of the upper part of the catchment of the Konopišťský Potok brook in the Central Bohemian Highland. The catchment under investigation of the total area of about 15 sq. km is situated 60 km south of Prague. Land use ofthe whole model territory has been mapped in the field on the scale 1:10 000. Based on the detailed mapping and knowledge of the natural (physicogeographic) conditions, geoecological regularities and relations of present land use to natural conditions valid in the model area have been derived. Consequently, geological, geomorphological, soil, hydrological and biotic factors influencing current land use have been assessed and described both separately and in mutual combinations and relations.