Impact of Smoking and Smoking Cessation on Oncologic Outcomes in Primary Non-muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer

Abstrakt

We collected smoking data from 2043 patients with primary NMIBC. Smoking variables included smoking status, average number of cigarettes smoked per day (CPD), duration in years, and time since smoking cessation.

Lifetime cumulative smoking exposure was categorised as light short term (= 20 yr), heavy short term (>= 20 CPD, = 20 CPD, >= 20 yr). The median follow-up in this retrospective study was 49 mo.

Klíčová slova

• Smoking
• Urothelial carcinoma
• Non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer
• Recurrence
• Progression
• Survival
• Dose-response relationship