Abstrakt
Oligodendrogliomas are uncommon tumors in neurooncology that represent about 5% of primary brain malignancies. their high sensitivity to radiotherapy and chemotherapy was observed a long time ago. Nonetheless, the evidence-based proof of the hisnificantly longer survival in patients with oligodendrogliomas treated with combined chemotheray and radiotherapy in comparison to radiootherapy-alone did not exist.
The long-term follow-up of two landmark phase III clinical trials: RTOG 9402 and EORTC 26951, recently demonstrated favorable effects of combined radiotherapy and chemotherapy (procarbazine, lomustine and vincristine) in patients with anaplastic oligodendrolglionas and anaplastic oligoastrocytomas carrying the chromosomal mutation of co-deletion of 1 p/19q. There is also and increasing role of other molecular bionarkers, such as mutations in the metabolic enzyme isocitrate dehydrogenase 1/2, o6-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase gene promotor methylation, or glioma genome cytosine-phosphate-guanine islands methylator phenoype.
The analysis of molecular genetics in oligodendrogliomas is now recommended as an important part of the management of these rumors and together with the novel chemotherapeutic regimens means a paradigm shift in current clinical practice in neurooncology.