On Two Tendencies of the Process of Secularisation in the 19th and 20th Centuries

Abstract

The study emphasises the ambiguity of the concept of "secularisation" in modern social sciences and suggests a differentiation of the processes that are described by this term, i.e. the decline of religious institutions, secularisation in the sense of impropriation. The ambiguity is put into the context of a two-fold, more profound understanding of religion: its conception as compensation and as integration.

Keywords

• Max Weber
• Auguste Comte
• Emile Durkheim
• Karl Marx
• Friedrich Nietzsche
• Ludwig Feuerbach
• náboženství