Enatiomeric determination of tramadol and O-desmethyltramadol in human urine by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

Abstract

A GC-MS assay for stereoselective determination of tramadol and its pharmacologically active phase I metabolite O-desmethyltramadol in human urine was developed. Nefopam was used as internal standard.

The method involves a simple solid phase extraction with chiral analysis by gas chromatography-electron ionization mass spectrometry.

Keywords

• Tramadol
• O-desmethyltramadol
• enantiomeric separation
• metabolic phenotype
• urine
• excretion
• probe drug
• Cytochrome P450 2D6