The paper will outline a comparison of social and cultural situation of Romanies in the Czech Republic and American Indians in the USA in the position of a minority. It will concentrate on the comparison of the social and economic position of the minorities within the majority society, their social and cultural backgrounds, the attitudes adopted by the majority to the minorities and the role of elites in the shaping of relationship between minority and majority societies.
Based on the comparison, it will subsequently try to formulate some parallels with the social and cultural situation of both ethnic groups and arising problems.