Comparison of Six-Month Outcomes for Primary Percutaneous Revascularization for Acute Myocardial Infarction With Drug-Eluting Versus Bare Metal Stents (from the APEX-AMI Study)
Abstrakt
We evaluated the use and outcomes of drug-eluting stents (DESs) and bare metal stents (BMSs) in a large primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (MI) trial. Recently concerns have been raised with "off-label" use of DESs for short- and long-term clinical outcomes.
Limited randomized data exist evaluating DESs versus BMSs in ST-elevation MI. Patients (n = 5,745) in the Assessment of Pexelizumab in Acute Myocardial Infarction (APEX-AMI) trial were categorized by stent type used.
Baseline variables and clinical outcomes were collected at 90 days and 6 months. Outcomes by stent type were adjusted for using conventional multivariable predictors of 90-day mortality (age, anterior location, total ST-segment deviation, and Killip class), time to PCI, and Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction grade flow.
Stents were deployed (at the investigator's discretion) in 5,124 patients (89.2%) with acute MI, with DES use in 2,221 (43.3%) and BMS use in 2,903 (56.7%). Patients receiving DESs were younger (median 59 vs 63 years of age, p <0.001), had left anterior descending coronary artery PCI (57.9% vs 48.1%, p <0.001), and often were treated in the United States (58.2%).
DES-treated patients had a lower adjusted mortality at 90 days (hazard ratio 0.73, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.54 to 0.99, p = 0.046) and trended toward lower mortality (hazard ratio 0.77, 95% CI 0.58 to 1.03, p = 0.084) and recurrent MI (hazard ratio 0.81, 95% CI 0.59 to 1.11, p = 0.186) at 6 months compared with BMSs. In conclusion, in this observational analysis of stent use from a large primary percutaneous intervention for acute MI trial, DESs appear as safe as BMSs with similar 6-month clinical outcomes with regard to death and recurrent MI.