Abstract
Testicular microlithiasis is a rarely occurring asymptomatic disorder expected in association with various benign and malignant urological diseases and genetic anomalies. The clinical significance of testicular microlithiasis is based on possible association with testicular cancer and infertility.
Regular self-examination of testicles every two months in men with simple testicular microlithiasis and urologic examination without delay in patients with abnormal palpable finding are recommended. Patients with testicular microlithiasis and risk factors for testicular cancer (previous testicular cancer, known intratubular germ cell neoplasia, gonadal dysgenesis, or impaired fertility) are recommend active follow-up in the form of annual clinical examination, determination of testicular tumor markers, scrotal ultrasonography and possibly testicular biopsy.