Weight Loss Improves the Adipogenic Capacity of Human Preadipocytes and Modulates their Secretory Profile
Abstrakt
Calorie restriction-induced weight loss is accompanied by profound changes in adipose tissue characteristics. To determine the effect of weight loss on differentiation of preadipocytes and secretory capacity of in vitro differentiated adipocytes, we established cultures of these cells from paired subcutaneous adipose tissue biopsies obtained before and at the end of weight-reducing dietary intervention in 23 obese women.
Based on lipid accumulation and the expression of differentiation markers, in vitro adipogenesis increased following weight loss and it was accompanied by enhanced expression of genes involved in de novo lipogenesis. This effect of weight loss was not driven by changes of PPAR sensitivity to rosiglitazone.
Weight loss also enhanced the expression of adiponectin and leptin while reducing that of MCP1 and IL8 by cultured adipocytes.Thus, the weight-reducing dietary intervention increased adipogenic capacity of preadipocytes and shifted their secretion towards lower inflammatory profile. Reprogramming of preadipocytes could represent an adaptation to weight loss leading to partial restoration of pre-obese adipose tissue traits, and thus contribute to the improvement of metabolic status.
However, enhanced adipogenesis could also contribute to the unwanted weight regain after initial weight loss.