Impacts of selected transport measures on atmospheric pollution from urban road transport in Czech cities.

Abstract

The purpose of the paper is to simulate impacts of selected policy measures on transport behavior, induced external effects of air pollution, and an emphasis on public-finance aspects of regulation such as financial stability of public transport agencies and tax distortions. To do that, we formulate and estimate a microeconomic model of transport behavior of households and public transport agencies.

We test and confirm the presence of the Mohring effect for selected Czech cities. These results are then used for calibration of a microeconomic simulation model.

The model is used for simulations with selected scenarios. The scenarios consist of a combination of increases in excise duty on fuels, changes in public transport fares and selected exogenous shocks such as an increase in the world oil price.

These scenarios are evaluated according to various assumptions about the reaction of policy measures (i.e. whether fares increase after an exogenous increase in the motor fuel price, etc.).