Imaging methods of extracranial carotic arteries, angiography, computed tomography, magnetic resonance and intravascular utrasound
Abstract
In this article, the authors compare imaging methods used in the diagnosis of atherosclerotic carotid arteries. They provide a description of individual methods: intra-arterial angiography (IAA), intravascular ultrasound (IVUS), computed tomography (CTA) angiography, non-contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance (MRA) and contrast-enhanced (MEM) angiography.
They also discuss their advantages, disadvantages and contraindications. Furthermore, the authors present a comparison of individual methods, including duplex ultrasonography (DUS).
IAA is mentioned in many publications as a diagnostic standard, but due to its invasiveness, the need for hospitalization and significant neurological and other complications, it is appropriate to look for its replacement. From the point of view of the accuracy of stenosis evaluation in comparison with IAA, CEMRA is mentioned in the literature as the most suitable.
CTA has undergone considerable development in recent years, and therefore the published results of the studies have only limited informative value. In terms of cost-effectiveness, DUS is the cheapest, but it is not the most accurate and depends very much on the experience of the sonographer.
As follows from the current literature, in most cases the combination of DUS and CEMRA resp. MRA or CTA.