Abstract
Pregnancy is a short period in the life of a woman treated for diabetes mellitus, to which maximum attention must be paid. Although care for pregnant women with diabetes is now centralized and perinatal mortality is comparable to perinatal mortality in a healthy population thanks to a number of new therapeutic and diagnostic procedures, higher perinatal morbidity still persists.
Insufficiently compensated diabetes is the cause of many pregnancy complications and especially high perinatal morbidity. Inadequately treated diabetes can lead to impaired fetal development, complications of pregnancy, childbirth and the postpartum period.
The consequences of decompensating diabetes in pregnancy can also have a negative effect on other stages of a child's life (the onset of obesity or the development of diabetes at a later age). Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) lasts only a short time, usually occurring between 26 and 28. week of pregnancy and disappears after delivery.
However, if not diagnosed and treated in time, the complications described above can occur. There is worldwide inconsistency in the way GDM is diagnosed, so the incidence varies between 0.5-10%.