Abstract
With worldwide incidence of diabetes increase, the number of women with gestational diabetes is increasing too. The percentage of patients with gestational diabetes represents an average of about 5 % of all pregnant women.
Currently specialists in diabetology and gynecology-obstetrics take care of pregnant women with diabetes; perinatal mortality is comparable with the perinatal mortality in healthy population, higher perinatal morbidity still persists. Hyperglycemia during pregnancy can lead to disorders in fetal development, complications of pregnancy, birth and afterbirth period of the child.
Consequences of decompensation of diabetes in pregnancy may have a negative impact on the subsequent development of the child too (emergence of obesity or development of diabetes mellitus in adulthood). Gestational diabetes mellitus is most apparent between 26th and 28th week of pregnancy and abates after birth.
If not timely diagnosed and treated, it can lead to emergence of the above-mentioned complications. Worldwide there is a lack of uniformity in the way gestation diabetes is diagnosed, that is why its incidence varies between 0,5 and 10 %.
Postponement of parenthood and other civilizational consequences are causing an increase of gestation diabetes in recent years. Article provides an overview of gestation diabetes classification, diagnosis and treatment options.