Abstract
Authors deal with experimental and clinical utilization of olfaction examination in neuropsychiatrie disorders. They mention briefly the importance of olfaction and the anatomy of olfactory track and olfactory brain centers.
They explain methods of olfaction examination, especially the most frequent used tests - UPSIT and Sniffin'Sticks. The olfaction disorders are one of the early symptoms of some serious neurodegenerative disorders.
In the case of Parkinson and Alzheimer diseases, the olfaction examination is included in recommended procedures of differential diagnostics judgment. The most explored psychiatric disorder associated with olfaction disorders is schizophrenia.
The changes in olfactory threshold measurement, olfactory identification and discrimination, and olfactory memory were described. The results of several studies in autistic patients proved the deficit in olfactory functions and suggested the possibility to utilize the screening examination of olfactory functions as a bio-behavioral marker of autistic spectrum disorders.