Abstract
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most common psychiatric disorder in childhood. It affects 6-8% of school -age children and is associated with high psychiatric comorbidity, around 60%.
Attention deficit is a defect of higher cognitive-executive functions, the most persistent symptoms last mostly to adulthood. ADHD is considered to be a predisposing factor for substance abuse and other risky behaviour.
The heritability of ADHD is 75%. The treatment approach of choice is medication combined with behavioural therapy and other psychosocial interventions.
First-line pharmacotherapy for ADHD are stimulants (methylphenidate) and atomoxetine. In ADHD comorbidity with conduct disorder, risperidone augmentation is recommended in non-responders to first-line therapy.
Since 2006 we follow the Czech ADHD treatment guidelines. Only a children psychiatrist is fully qualified to treat ADHD.