Targeted and combination treatments for vitiligo - Comparative evaluation of different current modalities in 458 subjects
Abstract
The current treatment of vitiligo is not satisfactory according to the opinions of both the patient population and the dermatologists. Recently, combination therapies have been introduced, which are both systemic and targeted (microphototherapy). To evaluate the effects of topical treatments given alone or in combination with 311-nm narrow-band microphoto therapy. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of: (1) 311-nm narrow-band microphototherapy; (2) tacrolimus
0.1% ointment twice a day; (3) pimecrolimus 1% cream twice a day; (4) betamethasone dipropionate
0.05% cream twice a day; (5) calcipotriol ointment 50 mu g/g twice a day; and (6) 10% L-phenylalanine cream twice a dank for the treatment of exclusively vitiligo patches. A 311-nm narrow-band microphoto therapy (Bioskin (R)) was given alone or in combination with the above-mentioned Popular local treatments. Four hundred and seventy patients suffering from vitiligo that affected less than 10% of the skin surface were evaluated. The patients were divided into 11 groups according to the selected treatment modalities. Four hundred and fifty-eight patients completed the study period of 6 months. Excellent repigmentation (> 75%) was achieved by 72% of the patients in group 1,
76.5% in group 2,
76.1% in group 3,
90.2% in group 4,
75.6% in group 5,
74.8% in group 6, 61% in group 7,
54.6% in group 8,
71.2% in group 9,
59.1% in group 10, and
29.3% in group
11. Marked repigmentation (50-75%) was evident in
19.8% of the patients in group 1,
18.291, in group 2,
20.1% in group 3,
6.7% in group 4,
14.1% in group 5,
11.3% in group 6,
16.1% in group 7,
18.4% in group 8, 25% in group 9,
10.6% in group 10, and
8.1% in group
11. Moderate results (25-50% repigmentation) were seen in
4.6% of the patients in group 1,
3.3% in group 2,
2.7% in group 3,
2.2% in group 4,
7.4% in group 5,
10.1% in group 6,
18.4% in group 7,
21.7% in group 8,
2.1% in group 9,
27.1% in group
1.0, and 55% in group
11. Finally, minimal (< 25%) or no response was achieved in
3.6% of the patients in group 1, 2% in group 2,
1.1% in group 3,
0.9% in group 4,
2.9% in group 5,
3.8% in group 6,
4.5% in group 7,
5.3% in group 8,
1.75% in group 9,
3.2% in group 10, and
7.6% in group
11. Side effects were skin atrophy (76% in group 4 and 81% in group
9), stinging and burning (groups 2, 3, 7, and
8). Targeted combination therapies in vitiligo are remarkably more effective than single treatments. Mien single treatments are considered alone, 311-nm narrow-band UVB microfocused phototherapy and
0.05% betamethasone dipropionate cream are the most effective treatments in our study. Mien combined therapies are chosen,
0.05% betamethasone dipropionate cream plus 311-nm narrow-band UVB microfocused phototherapy apparently give the highest repigmentation rate. In the short term, the only side-effects registered have been cutaneous atrophy with corticosteroid cream, and stinging and burning with
0.1% tacrolimus ointment and, less frequently, with 1% pimecrolimus cream.