The Course of Heart Failure Development and Mortality in Rats with Volume Overload due to Aorto-Caval Fistula
Abstrakt
Background: There are only few studies documenting the long-term outcome of aorto-caval fistula (ACF) in rats, a model of volume overload heart failure (HF). The aim of the present study was to describe HF-related morbidity and mortality, and to examine the relation between cardiac hypertrophy and survival.
Methods: Adult male Wistar rats underwent needle ACF or sham operation and 71 animals surviving the acute procedure with patent ACF were followed for 52 weeks. Results: By the end of the study, 72% of the ACF animals deceased and 82% developed HF signs.
Of the HF rats, 65% died (median: 3 weeks after HF onset). Before death, body weight increased by 9% followed by a final drop. 28% ACF rats died suddenly, without preceding HF.
Sudden death occurred earlier and in the rats with a trend to larger hearts (p = 0.07). In the whole ACF cohort, heart weight (heart weight/body weight ratio) was inversely associated with the length of survival (r = -0.51, p < 0.001).
Conclusion: The median survival of ACF Wistar rats is 43 weeks, longer than reported in other rat strains. Increased heart weight is associated with higher mortality and a significant number of animals die suddenly.